Truth Of Covid-19 Vaccine!
H ello! Toh kaise hain aap sab? Chaliye shuru karte hain……
You might have heard that the COVID-19 crisis won’t truly be under control until we have a vaccine — thou gh increased testing and effective treatments are gonna go a long way. You might also be hearing that even though scientists are working on a bunch of different vaccines right now, it’ll be more than a year until we the public can have one — and that is a best-case. This is frustrating…so you would not be the only person asking WHY WHY WHY this is. Well, there are good reasons. But to understand them, we first have to understand a bit about how the immune system works. And, like, that’s not super simple, but it’s also fascinating and weird and going to come in handy on more days than just this one.
Our immune system has two main prongs: innate and adaptive immunity. But the key player here is the adaptive part. Our adaptive immune system responds to things that make us sick, and remembers them for later so that it can keep us from getting sick a second time. Vaccines aim to jump in, before an infection,to teach the adaptive immune system what an infectious agent, or pathogen, looks like,so we don’t get sick with it at all. A vaccine shows your immune system a picture of the scary invader, and then it remembers it as a baddie. It’s actually more complicated than that. This is all happening at a molecular level…your immune system can’t “see” anything,it doesn’t have eyes. So isn’t actually responding to the pathogen as a whole, it’s noticing and responding to specific proteins found on invaders floating around your body, or, in some cases, on the surface of an already-infected cell. Any protein that your immune system identifies as worthy of action is what we call an “antigen.” And the cells that are going to respond when antigens are identified is a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. Each lymphocyte recognizes a specific antigen through a structure called an antigen receptor. But how can your immune system have an antigen receptor for a protein it’s never seen?
Well, this is where it gets crazy. It’s basically a brute-force guessing game…like a computer program hacking a password: you try a gazillion words until one of them locks in and you can use that password to get into somebody’s account. Basically, your body makes /trillions/ of lymphocytes with a bunch of very slightly different receptors. And sooner or later, one of them is likely to eventually lock onto any given bug. And once it does, it immediately explodes in population cloning itself over and over and over again into an army of two types of cells. Some are effect or cells that make virus-neutralizing antibodies or kill off infected cells to prevent the virus from replicating — they’re meant to stop the present infection. The other type can hold a grudge for years- memory cells that will mount an attack should the pathogen ever infect your body again. The goal of a vaccine is to skip right to that memory part, without causing serious side effects in the patient. But there’s more than one way to do that…so there is more than one type of vaccine. And because COVID-19 is a relatively new disease,it’s worth trying a little bit of everything to see what actually sticks against the SARS-CoV-2virus.
One option is live attenuated vaccines, which are the first type of vaccines ever discovered. They’re still used today for diseases like measles, mumps, rubella, and chicken pox. They contain living virus, but don’t worry — it’s been weakened. That’s what the “attenuated” part refers to. Attenuated viruses are created by breeding them in an environment that is different from what they encounter in a human being, like in low temperatures or in a different species of animal. When that virus is then given to a human, it still read more
Originally published at https://www.jammukilife.online.
